Deploying the Minimum Number of Rechargeable UAVs for a Quarantine Barrier

To control the rapid spread of COVID-19, we consider deploying a set of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to form a quarantine barrier such that anyone crossing the barrier can be detected. We use a charging pile to recharge UAVs. The problem is scheduling UAVs to cover the barrier, and, for any scheduling strategy, estimating theminimum number of UAVs needed to cover the barrier forever. We propose breaking the barrier into subsegments so that each subsegment can be monitored by a single UAV. We then analyze two scheduling strategies, where the first one is simple to implement and the second one requires fewer UAVs. The first strategy divides UAVs into groups with each group covering a subsegment. For this strategy, we derive a closed-form formula for the minimum number of UAVs. In the case of insufficient UAVs, we give a recursive function to compute the exact coverage time and give a dynamic-programming algorithm to allocate UAVs to subsegments to maximize the overall coverage time. The second strategy schedules all UAVs dynamically. We prove a lower and an upper bound on the minimum number of UAVs. We implement a prototype system to verify the proposed coverage model and perform simulations to investigate the performance.

Indonesia's Legal Policies Amid Covid-19: Balancing Religious Freedom and Public Health

The Covid-19 pandemic has forced States to promulgate various legal policies to restrain public activities, including limiting or prohibiting people to exercise their right to religious freedom or beliefs (FoRB) in the public sphere and imposing repressive sanctions. International Human Rights Law (IHRL) regulates the standard limitation of FoRB, but the Government of Indonesia struggled to balance respecting FoRB and protecting public health, especially in the emergency of Covid-19. While the Government is oriented to protect public health, new violations of FORB add more backlog on unresolved cases. Through a Human Rights-Based Approach and case studies, three essential principles of FoRB, namely the principle of non-discrimination, the principle of proportional restriction, and the principle of non-coercion in religion, will be analyzed qualitatively to assess, first, the extent to which legal policies in Indonesia amid Covid-19 are compatible with IHRL. Second, the extent to which these legal policies impact the right to religious freedom of the people. Third, to ask the question: how should the legal policies in the Covid-19 era be formulated so that the State can balance the protection of public health and religious freedom? © University of Jember & Indonesian Consortium for Human Rights Lecturers.

Investigate exact reliability under limited time and space of a multistate online food delivery network

• Assess the reliability of an online food delivery system as a performance index. • Investigate with non-integer multiple orders, time, and space limitations. • Construct a multistate online food delivery network as its gig economy. • Determine minimal capacity vectors without knowing minimal paths in advance. • Conduct sensitivity analysis for more managerial insights on the MOFN. In recent years, especially during the outbreak of COVID-19, there have witnessed the emergence of online food delivery (OFD) services that allow customers to place orders via Internet-connected devices to obtain door-to-door delivered meals. In this service, on-time delivery to the right customer with high-quality fresh meals is deemed the primary factor. This paper investigates the reliability of OFD through its ability to meet customer needs in a specific context. During the delivery process, the courier receives the food at the store, packs it into a delivery box, and then delivers it to the customer. Note that, the delivery boxes are limited in space. Customers prefer having their orders delivered within a given time threshold. Thus, reliability is defined as the probability to complete non-integer and multiple orders under a limited time and space. Besides, the OFD system belongs to the gig economy, which allows couriers to select their shifts and working regions. Hence, the capacity of each region, which indicates the number of available couriers, is regarded as multistate. We, thus, construct the OFD system as a multistate online food delivery network (MOFN). Under the limitation of time and space, all feasible minimal capacity vectors are determined to compute the reliability. With the proposed investigation, managers can understand their MOFN's ability to meet specific customer demands. Accordingly, they can make appropriate adjustments for better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Expert Systems with Applications is the property of Pergamon Press - An Imprint of Elsevier Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The legal value of Zoom's contractual terms: A comparative analysis of the UAE and French law

The Covid-19 pandemic led to a surge in the use of video-conferencing services offered by Zoom, which has continued in post-pandemic times. This paper sheds light on Zoom's contractual terms related to governing law and jurisdiction, and its applicability in Emirate and French laws. It attempts to answer the question about the circumstances in which the local courts will take jurisdiction over a dispute, notwithstanding that the parties agree that such disputes will be resolved in the jurisdiction stated in the clause. It also provides an analysis of the exclusion and limitation of Zoom's liability clause. Specifically, it looks at the effectiveness of the limitation of Zoom's liability in Emirate and French laws. The study emphasizes the need for policy and legislative framework to address this new area of law and technology to protect users from contractual terms in e-services agreements since video conferencing services continue to thrive and drive growth in the post-pandemic world.

Just-in-Time Decision Making: Preliminary Findings of a Goals of Care Rapid Response Team.

CONTEXT: The COVID-19 pandemic placed the issue of resource utilization front and center. Our comprehensive cancer center developed a Goals of Care Rapid Response Team (GOC RRT) to optimize resource utilization balanced with goal-concordant patient care. OBJECTIVES: Primary study objective was to evaluate feasibility of the GOC RRT by describing the frequency of consultations that occurred from those requested. Secondary objectives included adherence to consultation processes in terms of core team member participation and preliminary efficacy in limiting care escalation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients referred to GOC RRT (3/23/2020-9/30/2020). Analysis was descriptive. Categorical variables were compared with Fisher's exact or Chi-Square tests and continuous variables with Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS: A total of 89 patients were referred. Eighty-five percent (76 of 89) underwent a total of 95 consultations. Median (range) patient age was 61 (49, 69) years, 54% (48 of 89) male, 19% (17 of 89) Hispanic, 48% (43/89) White, 73% (65 of 89) married/partnered and 66% (59 of 89) Christian. Hematologic malignancies and solid tumors were evenly balanced (53% [47/89] vs. 47% [42 of 89, P = 0.199]). Most patients (82%, 73 of 89) had metastatic disease or relapsed leukemia. Seven percent (6 of 89) had confirmed COVID-19. Sixty-nine percent (61 of 89) died during the index hospitalization. There was no statistically significant difference in demographic or clinical characteristics among groups (no consultation, 1 consultation, >1 consultation). Core team members were present at 64% (61 of 95) of consultations. Care limitation occurred in 74% (56 of 76) of patients. CONCLUSION: GOC RRT consultations were feasible and associated with care limitation. Adherence to core team participation was fair.

Physical Disability, Psychological Resilience, and COVID-Related Changes in Depressive Symptoms Among U.S. Older Adults.

OBJECTIVES: This study pursued 3 goals: (1) to determine how depressive symptoms among U.S. older adults changed in 2018-2020, a period transitioning to the first wave of coronavirus disease (COVID) pandemic, compared to in prepandemic periods, (2) to determine whether physical disability predicts change in depressive symptoms in 2018-2020, and (3) to assess whether psychological resilience moderates the association between physical disability and change in depressive symptoms in 2018-2020. METHODS: Based on biennial longitudinal data of the Health and Retirement Study from 2010 to 2020, we used a before-after design and latent change score model to examine whether depressive symptoms change in 2018-2020 represents a continuation or departure from the overall trend of between-wave changes in 2010-2018. We also used physical disability in 2018 and psychological resilience in 2016-2018 to predict depressive symptoms change score in 2018-2020. RESULTS: In contrast to the relatively stable between-wave change trend in 2010-2018, there was an abrupt elevation in the latent change score of depressive symptoms in 2018-2020, which was primarily driven by increased affective symptoms (e.g., depressed mood, loneliness, unhappiness, and sadness). Increase in depressive symptoms in 2018-2020 was associated positively with physical disability but negatively with psychological resilience. Moderation effect of psychological resilience, however, was not significant. DISCUSSION: Our findings reveal heavier COVID-related mental health burden for older adults with physical disabilities and the potential benefits of enhancing individual psychological resilience. They also suggest that health interventions addressing the COVID impacts need to particularly focus on the affective aspects of depressive symptoms.

Functional Limitations in Individuals With Long COVID.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the extent of long-term functional deficits experienced by individuals hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Specific objectives were to (1) describe changes in perceived global health, mobility, participation in daily activities, and employment status from pre-COVID-19 to ≥2 months after infection and (2) evaluate factors associated with change in function. DESIGN: We conducted a telephone survey (at least 2 months postinfection). SETTING: Population-based study of adults living at home. PARTICIPANTS: Adult residents in Laval, Quebec (n=121), who were discharged home posthospitalization for COVID-19. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants responded to a standard questionnaire (COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen) regarding persistent symptoms and limitations in daily functioning. We calculated the prevalence of changes in perceived global health, mobility, personal care, participation in daily activities, and employment, and evaluated associated factors using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Almost all participants (94%) were more fatigued and reported deterioration of their global health status (90%) at least 3 months after infection. The majority were more short of breath and experienced pain and anxiety. The change in outcomes indicates a substantial reduction in those reporting "good" health status, mobility, personal care, and daily activities and less employment. Time since diagnosis was significantly associated with global health, mobility, and participation in daily activities. CONCLUSIONS: This population-based study suggests that individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 infection have symptoms that affect daily functional activities many months after infection. It is imperative that the effect of infection be better understood so that those affected long term can receive the needed services.

Limitaciones de los estudiantes en el curso de cirugía de pregrado durante la pandemia de COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To know the limitations that the students encountered during the undergraduate surgery course during COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Through an online questionnaire, students were asked about the evaluation of the undergraduate surgery course, the limitations encountered during the course, both those perceived by themselves, and the limitations they perceived in teachers. Questions were asked about the total evaluation of the surgery course and the clinical part of the course. RESULTS: 63 students of the subject of surgery were included. The most mentioned limitations of the students were the availability of schedule and teaching material. The most mentioned limitation in relation to the teachers was the lack of technical knowledge. A relationship was found between the evaluation of the course and the interaction between the teacher and the student. CONCLUSIONS: The medical education have undergone great changes, especially the clinical part. There are several limitations in this process that can be improved by teachers and students and the perception of the quality of the course is related to the degree of interaction that teachers had with the students.

OBJETIVO: Conocer las limitaciones que los estudiantes encontraron durante el curso de pregrado de cirugía durante la pandemia de COVID-19. MÉTODO: Mediante un cuestionario en línea, se interrogó a los estudiantes acerca de la evaluación del curso de cirugía de pregrado y las limitaciones encontradas durante el curso, tanto las percibidas por ellos mismos como las que percibieron en sus maestros. Se preguntó acerca de la evaluación total del curso de cirugía y de la parte clínica del curso. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 63 estudiantes de la materia de cirugía. Las limitaciones de los estudiantes más mencionadas fueron la disponibilidad de horario y de material didáctico. La limitación más mencionada en relación a los maestros fue la falta de conocimientos técnicos. Se encontró relación entre la evaluación del curso y la interacción que se tuvo entre el maestro y el estudiante. CONCLUSIONES: La educación en medicina ha sufrido grandes cambios, sobre todo la parte clínica. Existen diversas limitaciones en este proceso que pueden mejorarse por parte de maestros y estudiantes, y la percepción de la calidad del curso está relacionada con el grado de interacción que los maestros tuvieron con los estudiantes.

Investigate exact reliability under limited time and space of a multistate online food delivery network

• Assess the reliability of an online food delivery system as a performance index. • Investigate with non-integer multiple orders, time, and space limitations. • Construct a multistate online food delivery network as its gig economy. • Determine minimal capacity vectors without knowing minimal paths in advance. • Conduct sensitivity analysis for more managerial insights on the MOFN. In recent years, especially during the outbreak of COVID-19, there have witnessed the emergence of online food delivery (OFD) services that allow customers to place orders via Internet-connected devices to obtain door-to-door delivered meals. In this service, on-time delivery to the right customer with high-quality fresh meals is deemed the primary factor. This paper investigates the reliability of OFD through its ability to meet customer needs in a specific context. During the delivery process, the courier receives the food at the store, packs it into a delivery box, and then delivers it to the customer. Note that, the delivery boxes are limited in space. Customers prefer having their orders delivered within a given time threshold. Thus, reliability is defined as the probability to complete non-integer and multiple orders under a limited time and space. Besides, the OFD system belongs to the gig economy, which allows couriers to select their shifts and working regions. Hence, the capacity of each region, which indicates the number of available couriers, is regarded as multistate. We, thus, construct the OFD system as a multistate online food delivery network (MOFN). Under the limitation of time and space, all feasible minimal capacity vectors are determined to compute the reliability. With the proposed investigation, managers can understand their MOFN's ability to meet specific customer demands. Accordingly, they can make appropriate adjustments for better performance. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Older Adults With Functional Limitations and Their Use of Telehealth and During COVID-19.

We investigated the association between functional limitations and telehealth use among older Medicare beneficiaries in 2020. We use logistic regression models to estimate associations between functional limitations and the use of technological tools (i.e., computers, Internet, telehealth). We consider Internet use and informal technological support as moderators for telehealth use. Respondents (N = 3151; Mage = 78.31) with more functional limitations were more likely to use video-based telehealth. Net of functional limitations, those with a consistent Internet use were more likely to use emails/texts/portal messages to communicate with a healthcare provider. Further, more functional limitations were associated with a higher probability of using emails/texts/portal messages, but only among respondents who received informal technological support. Healthcare access may have been more difficult for older adults with functional limitations during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for those with little prior experience with the Internet, or those without friends/family to provide technological support.

Airway Closure and Expiratory Flow Limitation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is mostly characterized by the loss of aerated lung volume associated with an increase in lung tissue and intense and complex lung inflammation. ARDS has long been associated with the histological pattern of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). However, DAD is not the unique pathological figure in ARDS and it can also be observed in settings other than ARDS. In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related ARDS, the impairment of lung microvasculature has been pointed out. The airways, and of notice the small peripheral airways, may contribute to the loss of aeration observed in ARDS. High-resolution lung imaging techniques found that in specific experimental conditions small airway closure was a reality. Furthermore, low-volume ventilator-induced lung injury, also called as atelectrauma, should involve the airways. Atelectrauma is one of the basic tenet subtending the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) set at the ventilator in ARDS. Recent data revisited the role of airways in humans with ARDS and provided findings consistent with the expiratory flow limitation and airway closure in a substantial number of patients with ARDS. We discussed the pattern of airway opening pressure disclosed in the inspiratory volume-pressure curves in COVID-19 and in non-COVID-19 related ARDS. In addition, we discussed the functional interplay between airway opening pressure and expiratory flow limitation displayed in the flow-volume curves. We discussed the individualization of the PEEP setting based on these findings.

Constitutional guarantees in states of emergency (SSTC 148/2021, 168/2021, 183/2021)

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the judgments of the Spanish Constitu-tional Court issued on the occasion of the states of alarm during the COVID-19 crisis and try to justify that the Spanish Constitution of 1978 contains five constitu-tional guarantees in states of emergency. Respect for these guarantees must be a priority in the interpretation and application of the regulations governing the states of emergency. These five guarantees are contained in arts. 55.1 and 116 CE and, are revealed in the rulings of the Constitutional Court on the states of alarm.

The legal value of Zoom’s contractual terms: A comparative analysis of the UAE and French law

The Covid-19 pandemic led to a surge in the use of video-conferencing services offered by Zoom, which has continued in post-pandemic times. This paper sheds light on Zoom’s contractual terms related to governing law and jurisdiction, and its applicability in Emirate and French laws. It attempts to answer the question about the circumstances in which the local courts will take jurisdiction over a dispute, notwithstanding that the parties agree that such disputes will be resolved in the jurisdiction stated in the clause. It also provides an analysis of the exclusion and limitation of Zoom’s liability clause. Specifically, it looks at the effectiveness of the limitation of Zoom’s liability in Emirate and French laws. The study emphasizes the need for policy and legislative framework to address this new area of law and technology to protect users from contractual terms in e-services agreements since video conferencing services continue to thrive and drive growth in the post-pandemic world. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Review of Law, Computers & Technology is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Investigate exact reliability under limited time and space of a multistate online food delivery network

In recent years, especially during the outbreak of COVID-19, there have witnessed the emergence of online food delivery (OFD) services that allow customers to place orders via Internet-connected devices to obtain door-to-door delivered meals. In this service, on-time delivery to the right customer with high-quality fresh meals is deemed the primary factor. This paper investigates the reliability of OFD through its ability to meet customer needs in a specific context. During the delivery process, the courier receives the food at the store, packs it into a delivery box, and then delivers it to the customer. Note that, the delivery boxes are limited in space. Customers prefer having their orders delivered within a given time threshold. Thus, reliability is defined as the probability to complete non-integer and multiple orders under a limited time and space. Besides, the OFD system belongs to the gig economy, which allows couriers to select their shifts and working regions. Hence, the capacity of each region, which indicates the number of available couriers, is regarded as multistate. We, thus, construct the OFD system as a multistate online food delivery network (MOFN). Under the limitation of time and space, all feasible minimal capacity vectors are determined to compute the reliability. With the proposed investigation, managers can understand their MOFN’s ability to meet specific customer demands. Accordingly, they can make appropriate adjustments for better performance.

Influences of Two FEV1 Reference Equations (GLI-2012 and GIRH-2017) on Airflow Limitation Classification Among COPD Patients.

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of different forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) reference equations on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) airflow limitation (AFL) classification. Methods: We conducted a COPD screening program for residents over 40 years old from 2019 to 2021. All residents received the COPD screening questionnaire (COPD-SQ) and spirometry. Postbronchodilator FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity) <0.7 was used as the diagnostic criterion of COPD and two reference equations of FEV1 predicted values were used for AFL severity classification: the European Respiratory Society Global Lung Function Initiative reference equation in 2012 (GLI-2012) and the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health reference equation in 2017 (GIRH-2017). Clinical characteristics of patients in GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) 1-4 grades classified by the two reference equations were compared. Results: Among 3524 participants, 659 subjects obtained a COPD-SQ score of 16 or more and 743 participants were found to have AFL. The COPD-SQ showed high sensitivity (59%) and specificity (91%) in primary COPD screening. Great differences in COPD severity classification were found when applying the two equations (p < 0.001). Compared with GIRH-2017, patients with AFL classified by GLI-2012 equations were significantly severer. The relationship between symptom scores, acute exacerbation (AE) history distributions and COPD severities classified by the two equations showed a consistent trend of positive but weak correlation. Group A, B, C and D existed in all GOLD 1 to 3 COPD patients, but in GOLD 4, only Groups B and D existed. However, no clear significant differences were found in symptoms, AE risk assessments, risk factors exposure and even the combined ABCD grouping under the two equations. Conclusion: There were significant differences in COPD AFL severity classification with GLI-2012 and GIRH-2017 FEV1 reference equations. But these severity estimation differences did not affect symptoms, AE risk assessments and ABCD grouping of patients at all GOLD grades.

Impact of Early Limitation of Therapeutic Effort in Elderly COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit-A Cohort Study.

(1) Background: Admission to the ICU and intensity of care provided to elderly COVID-19 patients are difficult choices guided by the expected patient-centered benefits. However, the impact of an early discussion of limitation of therapeutic effort (LTE) has been poorly investigated. (2) Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective cohort study including all ≥70-year-old COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU. Factors associated with early LTE discussion (defined as before or up to 2 days post-ICU admission) and in-hospital mortality were evaluated. (3) Results: Eighty-two patients (59 M/23 F; 78 years (74-82) [median (interquartile range)]; 43/82 with LTE) were included. The in-hospital mortality rate was 55%. Early LTE was decided upon for 22/82 patients (27%), more frequently in older (p < 0.001) and frailer patients (p = 0.004). Using a multivariable logistic regression model including clinical frailty scale grade ≥4, hospital acquisition of COVID-19, ventilation support modality and SOFA score on admission, early LTE was not associated with mortality (adjusted odds ratio = 0.57 (0.15-2.00), p = 0.39). LTE resulted in less frequent invasive mechanical ventilation (23% versus 65%, p = 0.001), renal replacement therapy (5% versus 27%, p = 0.03) and norepinephrine infusion (23% versus 60%, p = 0.005), and shorter ICU stay (6 days (2-12) versus 14 days (7-24), p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: In this small sample exploratory study, we were unable to demonstrate any increase in in-hospital mortality associated with early LTE discussion in elderly COVID-19 patients while reducing the use of organ support techniques. These findings require confirmation in larger studies.

Usability Evaluation Using Unmoderated Remote Usability Testing on Angkasa LMS Website Case Study

The pandemic has made digital transformation faster, and Indonesia is no exception, especially in education. Learning management system (LMS) is a learning media that is widely used in educational institutions. However, not all educational institutions have sufficient resources to build an LMS from scratch. “Angkasa LMS” Web is a Web that allows educational institutions to order a ready-to-use LMS easily. The target users of this service are pretty varied because they consist of education management and educational management foundations, especially in areas of Indonesia that have Internet access. To be used easily by these varied target users, this Website must have good usability in its user interface. For this reason, usability testing needs to be carried out in order to get feedback for improving the user interface design before the application is delivered to the public. However, the developer has obstacles related to the COVID-19 pandemic policy to carry out usability testing, which limits direct interaction with people. Moreover, the project time is quite narrow, and the schedule is quite tight for the developer team. Based on these limitations, this study conducted usability testing of the “Angkasa LMS” Web case study using the unmoderated remote usability testing method. The experimental results show that this method can be used to obtain insightful feedback from the participants, with additional treatment such as the use of convenience sampling, periodic reminders for participants, and the increasing number of participants exceeding the target. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Predictors of Basic Activity in Daily Living and Length of Hospitalization in Patients with COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: Patients recovered from COVID-19 often suffer from the sequelae of the disease, which can hinder the patients' activity in daily living. Early recognition of the patients at risk of prolonged hospitalization and impaired physical functioning is crucial for early intervention. We aim to identify the predictors of prolonged hospitalization and impaired activity in daily living in this study. METHODS: COVID-19 patients hospitalized in a medical center were divided into two groups according to the Barthel index three months after discharge and the median length of hospital stay, respectively. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to check the differences between the two groups in patient characteristics as well as hematology tests at the emergency department, the intensive care unit mobility scale (ICUMS), and the medical research council sum score (MRCSS). Logistic regression and the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were further performed for the factors with significant differences between the two groups. RESULTS: Both ICUMS and MRCSS showed significant differences between the groups. The ICUMS had an odds ratio of 0.61 and the MRCSS of 0.93 in predicting a Barthel index score less than 100 three months after discharge. The MRCSS had an odds ratio of 0.82 in predicting a prolonged length of hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Both ICUMS and MRCSS upon admission are predictive of a Barthel index score of less than 100 three months after discharge. On the other hand, only MRCSS has predictive value of a prolonged hospitalization.

Legal analysis of the implementation of social protest in Colombia: a constitutional and normative vision

Social protest is a constitutional right that complements the practical exercise of other rights such as freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and freedom of association, which allows for the existence of democratic societies and their consolidation as a guarantee of the Colombian State. However, in practice it turns out to be contrary to its purpose, due to the fact that the institutions in charge of safeguarding this right attack those who exercise it. By means of the documentary method, based on the search for information and the doctrinal, legal and jurisprudential review, the implementation of social protest in Colombia is evidenced. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the right to protest was limited. Since the first recorded case of coronavirus was known, the Colombian government adopted a series of measures to prevent, control and mitigate the health effects in the midst of a state of emergency. However, citizens' discontent with the constant problems of the social environment generated multiple protests as a mechanism of rejection. This allows us to affirm that there is no express regulation on the actions that the public forces should take in the context of social protest.